PPD113B03-26-100100隔离输入通道模块

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PPD113B03-26-100100隔离输入通道模块

机台间的相对位置非常重要,关系到胎侧在其间是否能够顺利地过渡与衔接,在设计时就应该予以充分地考虑,否则就容易出现问题。例如上层喷淋与下层喷淋之间在原设计中高度较大,两者高差1100mm,而且过渡辗道与下层冷却输送带间距也较大,胎侧胶由上层过渡到下层时悬空长度大,胎侧到达下层冷却输送带时出现跑偏和歪扭,严重时还发生翻转。对比德国KRUPP的胎面联动线,其上下喷淋的间距是较小的,仅为780mm。考虑到胎侧胶既轻且薄,如果悬空长度大是很容易出现歪扭甚至翻转的,在不改变设备结构的前提下,我们对过渡辊道进行改动,将胎侧胶的悬空长度限制在300mm,即胎侧宽度的1.5～2倍之间(参见图2),并对浮动辊的位置和长度进行调整,减小其摆动幅度,防止胎侧时紧时松。经实际验证效果非常好，完全没有跑偏和翻转的现象发生。

由此可见,在联动装置的设计中考虑各机台间的紧凑性是很必要的。另一方面,因为过渡辊道的辊筒有可能转动不灵活或是与胎侧接触不好,辊筒与胎侧间就会有滑动摩擦和拉拽的情况,造成制品表面不光滑和被拉伸,因此设计时过渡辊道可以采用主动的形式,确保制品被顺利地牵引和过渡。 4.2前后机台间的速度匹配速度整定装置(浮动辊)在联动装置的运行中起着至关重要的作用,前后机台间的速度匹配需要它来保证，如果其效果不好就会使制品被拉伸。胎侧胶比较薄，是很容易被拉伸的，而工艺要求胎侧制品在挤出到裁断或是卷取过程中的拉伸不能超过5mm。前后机台间的浮动辊的安装位置是否合适直接影响到调速效果,其位置的确定和调整要注意以下几个方面: (1) 浮动辊能够灵活地摆动,但也要有一定的预紧力,保证浮动辊始终都能与制品保持接触; (2) 后机台的速度整定以前机台的速度为基准,调整范围在10～15%左右,这样前后机台间的速度变化不至于太大; (3) 摆动角度不宜过大,否则易使得机台的速度波动过大而造成制品拉伸; MBR技术在国外污水处理中的研究及应用膜分离技术在污水处理中的应用开始于20世纪60年代末#1969年美国的Smith等人将活性污泥法与超滤膜组件相结合用于处理城市污水的工艺研究,该工艺大胆地提出了用膜分离技术取代常规活性污泥法中的二沉池,利用膜具有高效截留的物理特性,使生物反应器内维持较高的污泥浓度,在F/M低比值下工作,这样就可以使有机物尽可能地得到氧化降解,提高了反应器的去除效率,这就是MBR的初雏形。进入20世纪70年代,有关MBR的研究进一步深入开展#1970年,Hardt等人使用完全混合生物反应器与超滤膜组合工艺处理生活污水,获得了98%的COD去除率和100%去除细菌的结果。1971年,Bemberis等人在污水处理厂进行了MBR试验,取得了良好的试验结果。1978年,Bhattacharyya等人将超滤膜用于处理城市污水,获得了非饮用回用水。1978年,Grethlein利用厌氧消化池与膜分离进行了处理生活污水的研究,BOD和TN的去除率分别为90%和75%。在这一时期,尽管各国学者对MBR工艺做了大量的研究工作,并获得了一定的研究成果,但是由于当时膜组件的种类很少,制膜工艺也不是十分成熟,膜的寿命通常很短,这就限制了MBR工艺长期稳定的运行,从而也就限制了MBR技术在实际工程中的推广应用。进入20世纪80年代以后,随着材料科学的发展与制膜水平的提高,推动了膜生物反应器技术的向前发展,MBR工艺也随之得到迅速发展。日本研究者根据本国国土狭小!地价高的特点对MBR技术进行了大力开发和研究,并在MBR技术的研究和开发上走在了前列,使MBR技术开始走向实际应用。 20世纪90年代以后,MBR技术得到了为迅猛的发展,人们对MBR在生活污水处理!工业废水处理!饮用水处理等方面的应用都进行了研究,MBR已经进入实际应用阶段,并得到了快速的推广。 20世纪的后几年,人们围绕着膜生物反应器的关键问题进行了较多的研究,并取得了一些成果。有关膜生物反应器的研究从实验室小试!中试规模走向了生产性试验,应用MBR的中、小型污水处理厂也逐渐见诸报道。1998年初,欧洲一座应用一体式膜生物反应器的生活污水处理厂在英国的Porlock建成运行,成为英国膜生物反应器技术的里程碑。 The relative position between the machine benches is very important, which is related to whether the sidewalls can smoothly transition and connect between them. It should be fully considered in the design, otherwise problems will easily occur. For example, in the original design, the height between the upper spraying and the lower spraying is relatively large, with a height difference of 1100mm. In addition, the distance between the transition roller and the lower cooling conveyor belt is also large. When the sidewall rubber transits from the upper layer to the lower layer, the suspension length is large. When the sidewall reaches the lower cooling conveyor belt, there is deviation and distortion, and even overturning in serious cases. Compared with the tread linkage line of KRUPP in Germany, the distance between upper and lower spraying is small, only 780mm. Considering that the sidewall rubber is light and thin, if the suspension length is large, it is easy to distort or even overturn. Without changing the equipment structure, we will change the transition roller table, limit the suspension length of the sidewall rubber to 300 mm, that is, 1.5~2 times the sidewall width (see Figure 2), and adjust the position and length of the floating roller to reduce its swing amplitude and prevent the sidewall from being tight or loose. The actual verification results are very good, and there is no deviation and overturning phenomenon.
It can be seen that it is necessary to consider the compactness between machines in the design of linkage devices. On the other hand, because the roller of the transition roller table may not rotate flexibly or contact with the sidewall well, there will be sliding friction and pulling between the roller and the sidewall, resulting in the product surface is not smooth and stretched. Therefore, the transition roller table can be designed in an active way to ensure that the product is smoothly pulled and transferred. 4.2 The speed matching speed setting device (floating roll) between the front and rear machine tables plays a vital role in the operation of the linkage device. It is required to ensure the speed matching between the front and rear machine tables. If its effect is not good, the products will be stretched. The sidewall rubber is thin and easy to stretch. The process requires that the stretch of sidewall products from extrusion to cutting or coiling shall not exceed 5mm. Whether the installation position of the floating roll between the front and rear machine tables is appropriate directly affects the speed regulation effect. The determination and adjustment of its position should pay attention to the following aspects: (1) The floating roll can swing flexibly, but it should also have a certain preload to ensure that the floating roll can always keep in contact with the products; (2) The speed of the rear machine is set to the speed of the front machine as the benchmark, and the adjustment range is about 10~15%, so that the speed change between the front and rear machines is not too large; (3) The swing angle should not be too large, otherwise it is easy to make the machine speed fluctuate too much and cause the product to stretch; The research and application of MBR technology in foreign sewage treatment The application of membrane separation technology in sewage treatment began in the late 1960s. In 1969, Smith and others in the United States first combined activated sludge process with ultrafiltration membrane module to study the process of treating urban sewage. This process boldly proposed to replace the secondary sedimentation tank in conventional activated sludge process with membrane separation technology, making use of the physical characteristics of membrane with high efficiency retention, Maintain a high sludge concentration in the bioreactor, and work at a low F/M ratio, so that the organic matter can be oxidized and degraded as much as possible, and improve the removal efficiency of the reactor, which is the initial prototype of MBR. In the 1970s, the research on MBR was further carried out. In 1970, Hardt et al. used the combined process of fully mixed bioreactor and ultrafiltration membrane to treat domestic sewage, and achieved 98% COD removal rate and 100% bacteria removal rate. In 1971, Bemberis et al. conducted MBR test in the sewage treatment plant and obtained good test results. In 1978, Bhattacharyya et al. used ultrafiltration membrane to treat urban sewage and obtained non potable water reuse. In 1978, Grethlein studied the treatment of domestic sewage using anaerobic digestion tank and membrane separation. The removal rates of BOD and TN were 90% and 75% respectively. During this period, although scholars all over the world have done a lot of research work on the MBR process and obtained certain research results, because there were few types of membrane modules at that time, the membrane making process was not very mature, and the life of the membrane was usually very short, which restricted the long-term stable operation of the MBR process, and thus limited the promotion and application of MBR technology in practical projects. Since the 1980s, with the development of material science and the improvement of membrane preparation level, the membrane bioreactor technology has been promoted, and the MBR process has also been rapidly developed. Japanese researchers are small according to their own territory! The characteristics of high land price have made great efforts to develop and research MBR technology, and have taken the lead in the research and development of MBR technology, making MBR technology begin to be applied in practice. Since the 1990s, MBR technology has achieved the most rapid development. People have made great efforts to treat domestic sewage with MBR! Industrial wastewater treatment! The application of drinking water treatment and other aspects has been studied. MBR has entered the practical application stage and has been rapidly promoted. In the last few years of the 20th century, people carried out more research around the key issues of membrane bioreactor, and made some achievements. The research on membrane bioreactor starts from the laboratory test! The scale of pilot scale has moved towards productive test, and medium and small sewage treatment plants using MBR have gradually been reported. At the beginning of 1998, the first European domestic sewage treatment plant with integrated membrane bioreactor was built and put into operation in Porlock, UK, which became a milestone of UK membrane bioreactor technology.